what is fractal computing

For instance: trees, rivers, coastlines, mountains, clouds, seashells, hurricanes, etc. Fractal Programming recognizes the complexity of current app development is mostly from current system design constraints. Unpredictability: Because we can never know all the initial conditions of a complex system in sufficient (i.e. Probabilistic computing engines, e.g. [1] This thinking technique is applied to generate creative ideas and solve problems. In general, a key property of fractals is that the fractal dimension differs from the conventionally understood dimension (formally called the topological dimension). [27] There are two classes of Machine Learning (ML): One of the well known machine learning technique is Back Propagation Algorithm. Human beings/animals learn new skills, languages/concepts. Karl Menger (1902-1985) was a 20th-century Austrian-American mathematician. Fractal patterns have been reconstructed in physical 3-dimensional space[24]:10 and virtually, often called "in silico" modeling. Using Fractal Programming, the same system was designed in a month with 25,000 representative customers. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no Ian Wong and co-workers have shown that migrating cells can form fractals by clustering and branching. FvNA, a multilayered, parallelized von Neumann architecture, is not only fractal but also isostratalwhich literally means "same across layered structures". Its all there. Then several lateral-computing techniques have been described followed by their applications. Fractal Programming means a single developer builds a small system on her laptop with all the features for the eventual production system. In applying these gates in succession, a quantum computer can perform a complicated unitary transformation to a set of qubits in some initial state. The number of required lab operations using DNA grows linearly with the number of vertices of the graph. "[11] Later, seeing this as too restrictive, he simplified and expanded the definition to this: "A fractal is a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be split into parts, each of which is (at least approximately) a reduced-size copy of the whole. Fractals are widely used in computer modeling of irregular patterns and structures in nature, such as the . Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. Fractal Programming is transformative because it moves decimal points. Each customer has attributes. Fractal - Wikipedia Fractals are SMART: Science, Math and Art! The disadvantage of this method is the possibility that an incorrect solution will occur. How could FvNA remain quite efficient with such a strict architectural constraint? This computer-based generation of fractal objects is an endless process. The Fractal Define 7 is the seventh generation of the Define R series of cases. Yet, those 25,000 customers exemplify most of the use cases for the eventual production system. In fractal software values for a set of points on the complex plane are calculated and then rendered as pixels. Like approximation algorithms, they can be used to more quickly solve tough NP-complete problems. [1]:166, One of the next milestones came in 1904, when Helge von Koch, extending ideas of Poincar and dissatisfied with Weierstrass's abstract and analytic definition, gave a more geometric definition including hand-drawn images of a similar function, which is now called the Koch snowflake. Fractal von Neumann architecture (FvNA) is proposed to address the programming productivity issue for ML computers. The new solutions are created using evolutionary principles such as mutation and crossover. [citation needed] They provide a way of developing innovative solutions resulting in smart systems with Very High Machine IQ (VHMIQ). part may be reproduced without the written permission. The fuzzy sets differ from crisp sets since they allow an element to belong to a set to a degree (degree of membership). "Whether energy reduction can be achieved by introducing fractal controlling into conventional parallel machines is an interesting open question. The content is provided for information purposes only. It's a form of algorithmic art created by calculating fractal objects and representing the calculation results as digital images, animations. The term "Lateral Computing" was first proposed by Prof CR SUTHIKSHN Kumar and First World Congress on Lateral Computing WCLC 2004 was organized with international participants during December 2004. It is also nonlinear: fluids cannot be unmixed. Fractal patterns have been modeled extensively, albeit within a range of scales rather than infinitely, owing to the practical limits of physical time and space. Also, these may include calculation or display artifacts which are not characteristics of true fractals. While most traditional science deals with supposedly predictable phenomena like gravity, electricity, or chemical reactions, Chaos Theory deals with nonlinear things that are effectively impossible to predict or control, like turbulence, weather, the stock market, our brain states, and so on. A straight line, for instance, is conventionally understood to be one-dimensional; if such a figure is rep-tiled into pieces each 1/3 the length of the original, then there are always three equal pieces. Fractals are used in many areas such as This allows a savings in execution time at the beginning of a program. [1], The history of fractals traces a path from chiefly theoretical studies to modern applications in computer graphics, with several notable people contributing canonical fractal forms along the way. Meanwhile, the researchers proposed two different ML-targeting FvNA architecturesthe specific Cambricon-F and the universal Cambricon-FRand illustrated the fractal programming style of FPM by running several general-purpose sample programs. Chaos explores the transitions between order and disorder, which often occur in surprising ways. This is rare as most conventional computers use electrons to carry signals. Microservices, object-oriented programming, new DevOps processes have at most reduced time and effort 10% 25%. When interpreted as a physical phenomenon through classical statistical thermodynamics, such techniques lead to energy savings that are proportional to the probability p with which each primitive computational step is guaranteed to be correct (or equivalently to the probability of error, (1p). Lateral computing is a lateral thinking approach to solving computing problems. Fractals have found applications in image processing, image compression music generation, computer games etc. So, start by scanning every point in that rectangular area. Atomic Energy, 74, 241243 (1993). The patterns are formed by sublimation of frozen CO2. [1][5][2][4][42], One point agreed on is that fractal patterns are characterized by fractal dimensions, but whereas these numbers quantify complexity (i.e., changing detail with changing scale), they neither uniquely describe nor specify details of how to construct particular fractal patterns. Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. A straight line, for instance, is self-similar but not fractal because it lacks detail, and is easily described in Euclidean language without a need for recursion.[1][4]. In other words, the program never knows where it resides in the tree structure. K. Compton and S. Hauck (2002); Reconfigurable Computing: A survey of Systems and Software, ACM Computing Surveys, Vo. Explainer: what are fractals? - The Conversation By understanding that our ecosystems, our social systems, and our economic systems are interconnected, we can hope to avoid actions which may end up being detrimental to our long-term well-being. The following brings out some important differentiators for lateral computing. Koch Snowflakes Pseudocode, to draw K n: If (n equals 0) draw straight line [58] Similarly Matthias Weiss showed that the endoplasmic reticulum displays fractal features. Her app may process 25,000 customers out of the apps domain of 100 million. Who knows what the long-term effects of teaching millions of kids about chaos and fractals will be? [5][4][13][14][15][16] Fractal patterns with various degrees of self-similarity have been rendered or studied in visual, physical, and aural media[17] and found in nature,[18][19][20][21] technology,[22][23][24][25] art,[26][27] architecture[28] and law. Dedicated ML computers are thus being developed at various scales, but their productivity is somewhat limited: the workload and development cost are largely concentrated in their software stacks, which need to be developed or reworked on an ad hoc basis to support every scaled model. The result is a type of abstract art. DOI: 10.34133/2022/9797623. To mathematicians, a symmetry is an action that when applied to a shape will leave it looking (more or . Customers perform transactions, like using a cell phone or flicking a light switch. [1][6], Starting in the 17th century with notions of recursion, fractals have moved through increasingly rigorous mathematical treatment to the study of continuous but not differentiable functions in the 19th century by the seminal work of Bernard Bolzano, Bernhard Riemann, and Karl Weierstrass,[7] and on to the coining of the word fractal in the 20th century with a subsequent burgeoning of interest in fractals and computer-based modelling in the 20th century. - Omega4America Fractal Technology Is Fractal Computing Quantum Computing? Fractals have also been used for many practical purposes. Fractal Technology Fractal Disrupts The Equation Of Computing For what seems eons, technologists have been trying to get complex apps built in time to impact the business. But in measuring an infinitely "wiggly" fractal curve such as the Koch snowflake, one would never find a small enough straight segment to conform to the curve, because the jagged pattern would always re-appear, at arbitrarily small scales, essentially pulling a little more of the tape measure into the total length measured each time one attempted to fit it tighter and tighter to the curve. Fractal Geometry | Encyclopedia.com A Fractal is a type of mathematical shape that are infinitely complex. Lateral computing - Wikipedia I.e., the Mandelbrot set is infinitely complex. Sierpinski gasket), but that the edited novel is "more like a lopsided Sierpinsky Gasket".[26]. [75][76][77], Recently, fractal analysis has been used to achieve a 93% success rate in distinguishing real from imitation Pollocks. The authors have demonstrated the successful use of fuzzy logic system for volume control in mobile handsets. Define fractal. Lateral-computing techniques which use the human like information processing models have been classified as "Soft Computing" in literature. A solid square is understood to be two-dimensional; if such a figure is rep-tiled into pieces each scaled down by a factor of 1/3 in both dimensions, there are a total of 32 = 9 pieces. Because of the butterfly effect, a small change in a single variable can have an unpredictable outcome. We loaded Wisconsin and within hours had it in . fractal, in mathematics, any of a class of complex geometric shapes that commonly have "fractional dimension," a concept first introduced by the mathematician Felix Hausdorff in 1918. Water logic is contrast to traditional or rock logic. Fractal dimensions can be useful in machine learning (ML) as part of dimensionality reduction, in order to change how machine learning systems deal with data. Since it is impossible to measure the effects of all the butterflies (etc) in the World, accurate long-range weather prediction will always remain impossible. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages. Such computational techniques are referred to as randomization, yielding probabilistic algorithms. E. Charniak and D. Mcdermott (1999); Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Addison Wesley. algorithm - Fractal Encryption - Stack Overflow The recursive nature of some patterns is obvious in certain examplesa branch from a tree or a frond from a fern is a miniature replica of the whole: not identical, but similar in nature. A fractal is a never-ending pattern. . That's fractals. A qubit can exist not only in a state corresponding to the logical state 0 or 1 as in a classical bit, but also in states corresponding to a blend or quantum superposition of these classical states. Agents vary in their abilities: they can be static or mobile, or may or may not be intelligent. Fractals were being used hundreds, maybe thousands, of years ago, but were not called fractals. [1] The brain as center of thinking has a self-organizing information system. The boundaries are fuzzy and one may approach with fuzzy sets. The fractals are at the intersection of generative art and computer art. The Butterfly Effect: This effect grants the power to cause a hurricane in China to a butterfly flapping its wings in New Mexico. Lateral computing does a provocative use of information processing similar to lateral-thinking. It is described by an iterative algorithm unlike a Euclidean shape which is given by a simple formula. Van Eijndoven, and K. A. Vissers (2000); A taxonomy of custom computing machines, in Proceedings of the Progress workshop, October. [72] These processes are crucial in cell physiology and different pathologies.[73]. Routing Problem Ants drop different pheromones used to compute the "shortest" path from source to destination(s). E. Aarts and J. Krost (1997); Simulated Annealing and Boltzmann Machines, John Wiley And Sons Publishers. The essence of autonomic computing is self-management, the intent of which is to free system administrators from the details of system operation and maintenance. Still, the researchers pointed out a noteworthy discovery from this study that FPM limits the entropy of programming by applying constraints on the control pattern of the parallel computing systems. Treats the problem with rigorous mathematical analysis. [11] There are quite a few instances of optical computers and successful use of them. The difference for fractals is that the pattern reproduced must be detailed. [citation needed] This is one of the difficult tasks for traditional computing techniques, and has been efficiently solved by the use of fuzzy logic (which is a lateral computing technique). Techopedia Explains Fractal Fractal Margaret Rouse Editor Last updated: 27 December, 2016 What Does Fractal Mean? [18] The Soft Computing technique comprises Fuzzy logic, neuro-computing, evolutionary-computing, machine learning and probabilistic-chaotic computing. "[10] More formally, in 1982 Mandelbrot defined fractal as follows: "A fractal is by definition a set for which the HausdorffBesicovitch dimension strictly exceeds the topological dimension. Here is a brief description of some of the Lateral Computing techniques: Swarm intelligence (SI) is the property of a system whereby the collective behaviors of (unsophisticated) agents, interacting locally with their environment, cause coherent functional global patterns to emerge. Toggle From lateral-thinking to lateral-computing subsection, Toggle A review of lateral-computing techniques subsection. They add up the transactions, do the simple math, and produce 25,000 bills. [4][8][9], Very shortly after that work was submitted, by March 1918, Felix Hausdorff expanded the definition of "dimension", significantly for the evolution of the definition of fractals, to allow for sets to have non-integer dimensions. These jumps may not look logical. In mathematics, a fractal is a geometric shape containing detailed structure at arbitrarily small scales, usually having a fractal dimension strictly exceeding the topological dimension. [0708.0237] Fractal states in quantum information processing - arXiv.org Different researchers have postulated that without the aid of modern computer graphics, early investigators were limited to what they could depict in manual drawings, so lacked the means to visualize the beauty and appreciate some of the implications of many of the patterns they had discovered (the Julia set, for instance, could only be visualized through a few iterations as very simple drawings). Fractal - definition of fractal by The Free Dictionary In other words, a qubit can exist as a zero, a one, or simultaneously as both 0 and 1, with a numerical coefficient representing the probability for each state. PDF Research Article Fractal Parallel Computing - Science Advertisements Techopedia Explains Fractal Dimension Some of the techniques in lateral computing use "unexplained jumps". The fractal encryption algorithm uses the famous Mandelbrot fractal to convert the encryption key (provided by the user) to a longer key that is subsequently XORed with the plain text (provided by the user) resulting in an encrypted text. [74] The current understanding is that fractals are ubiquitous in cell biology, from proteins, to organelles, to whole cells. These interactions involve agents cooperating, negotiating and coordinating with one another. A deterministic approach would be to choose a pivot element near the median of the list and partition the list around that element. [23] Chaotic Computing is based on the chaos theory.[24]. A quantum computer manipulates qubits by executing a series of quantum gates, each a unitary transformation acting on a single qubit or pair of qubits. By simulating the process of annealing inside a computer program, it is possible to find answers to difficult and very complex problems. B. Kosko (1994); Fuzzy Thinking, Flamingo Publishers. [19] The neural network is trained like a human brain to solve a given problem. Instead of solving a problem by creating a non-linear equation model of it, the biological neural network analogy is used for solving the problem. We see that for ordinary self-similar objects, being n-dimensional means that when it is rep-tiled into pieces each scaled down by a scale-factor of 1/r, there are a total of rn pieces. Example applications of DNA computing are in solution for the Hamiltonian path problem which is a known NP[clarification needed] complete one.
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