negative impact of religion on educationnegative impact of religion on education

Some scholars, however, hypothesize that higher levels of religious observance and engagement produce greater educational attainment. Religion and child development: Evidence from the Early Childhood Assad S, Niazi AK, Assad S. Health and Islam. In: Gender, religion and education in a chaotic postmodern world 2013. At the same time, they were strong proponents of reforming Jewish education by including secular subjects, such as European literature and the natural sciences. Throughout the first millennium, no people other than the Jews had a norm requiring fathers to educate their sons.49. Google Scholar. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Indeed, a 2010 study of women in three villages in Nigeria finds that a Quranic education is more common than other types of school among young Muslim women. Purpose in life, satisfaction with life, and suicide ideation in a clinical sample. Exploring issues within and across faiths can teach children and adolescents how to understand and respect different religions, beliefs, values and traditions (including ethical life stances), and their influence on individuals, societies, communities and cultures [53]. Religious education has been traditionally categorized into: (a) confessional religious education, which seeks to promote obligation towards a specific religion, such as Islam [12], or Catholicism [13]; and (b) non-confessional religious education, which focuses on providing information about religion/religions for students to expand their understanding on the different worldviews and eventually result in the development of tolerance for other religions [14]. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532480xads0801_1. Specifically, it can: (1) help develop healthier reaction to stimuli through the internalization of religious morality; (2) reinforce religious coping mechanisms which reduce the impact of stresses, enhance coping skills, and promote a less risky lifestyle; (3) increase awareness regarding religious beliefs and practices and their influence on the individual, the family, and the community; and finally, (4) promote connectedness which can enhance self-esteem and well-being. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-019-0286-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-019-0286-7. Q&A: Why are women generally more religious than men? Other issues identified by previous studies include concerns about schools as being safe spaces [69]. not accepted or permitted in school work) can also undermine academic achievement [72]. Surveys she conducted in Malawi found that Muslims and Christians express similar demands for formal education and do not perceive a trade-off between religious and formal schooling that would affect educational attainment.66. Positive and Negative Religious Beliefs Explaining the Religion-Health 2005. https://doi.org/10.2307/3512165. Google Scholar. Heisel MJ, Flett GL. For example, meditation and yoga have been demonstrated to relieve tension and anxiety and stabilize emotions. Schools exist not only to provide academic knowledge to students, but also to promote connectedness among its students and teachers. Myers SM. 27 Jun 2023 05:14:37 Like: "The Internet is driving people from organized religion . 2009;18(1):2333. Young R, Sweeting H, Ellaway A. The relationship between religion and mental disorders in a Korean population. Poor mental health has been shown to affect the overall health and well-being of adolescents and is associated with adverse health and social outcomes like substance abuse, adolescent pregnancy, school drop-out, and delinquent behaviors, among others. However, previous studies have reported negative effects of religious education on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (or questioning) (LGBTQ) adolescents. School-based mental health education and promotion strategies can maximize the benefits of religious education by putting emphasis on effective implementation of religious education to positively influence adolescent mental health. Rogers-Sirin L, Yanar C, Yksekba D, Senturk MI, Sirin S. Religiosity, cultural values, and attitudes toward seeking psychological services in Turkey. In: The religious education CPD handbook. Religiosity predicts negative attitudes towards science - Home - PLOS http://www.re-handbook.org.uk/section/curriculum/spiritual-moral-and-related-aspects-of-religious-education/religious-education-and-social-and-emotional-aspects-of-learning-seal. Soc Forces. Their textbook was the Bible. The perception of government schools with Western-style curricula being seen as a tool for conversion of Muslim students also is discussed in Csapo, Marg. In the United States, for example, public education was designed to teach Protestant values. The Hindu View of Education. In On Hinduism: Reviews and Reflections.Swarup writes of Buddhism in Japan: A.S. Most of these institutions have since become secular in orientation, but their presence may help explain why populations in the U.S. and Europe are highly educated. 1997. For example, family structure and attachment influence how religious behaviors and attitudes are transmitted from parents to their children; adolescents who were raised by both parents and grew up in families with close relationships are more likely to adopt their parents religious beliefs and practices [20]. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116820. The Monastic Tradition of Education in Thailand. International Journal of the History of Education. They were educated by Buddhist monks in their temple-huts, known as tera-koya. Accessed 04 Apr 2019. In sum, scholars are still exploring the reasons behind differences in educational attainment between Muslims and Christians in sub-Saharan Africa. . https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Newman12/publication/273507298_A_Social_Ecology_of_Bias-Based_Bullying_of_Sexual_and_Gender_Minority_Youth_Toward_a_Conceptualization_of_Conversion_Bullying/links/5a0de81c0f7e9b7d4dba54d8/A-Social-Ecology-of-Bias-Based-Bullying-of-Sexual-and-Gender-Minority-Youth-Toward-a-Conceptualization-of-Conversion-Bullying.pdf. The Chosen Few: How Education Shaped Jewish History, 70-1492., Sachar, Howard M. 2005. In other cases, religiosity was cited as a deterrent in seeking professional help for mental health [61,62,63]. 33 Their growing influence helped bring about a crucial shift in the Islamic approach to learning: It beca. Introduction: Writing boards and blackboards in Launay, Robert, ed. Religious education can contribute to adolescent mental health in , Hefner, Robert W. and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, eds. Through religious education, the learning atmosphere can be improved by connecting students regardless of their faith [50]. . Research focused on the social capital approach, Burstein argues, provides a framework for showing how Jewish religious beliefs and practices, and the organizations created to sustain them, help Jews acquire skills and resources useful in the pursuit of secular education and economic success.58. 1970;1:3542. Historically, the caste system in India was a huge barrier to the spread of mass literacy and education. The second, jnana, is knowledge or wisdom that brings awareness of the divine. Too often, the impact of technology on religion is seen as negative. Religious coping and psychological adjustment to stress: a meta-analysis. In the Middle East and Europe, Christian monks built libraries and, in the days before printing presses, preserved important earlier writings produced in Latin, Greek and Arabic. Primary Education in sub-Saharan Africa a moral issue, an economic matter, or both? Problems of Gender Differentials in Literacy and Enrolment Among the Yorubas of South- West Nigeria. Journal of Social Sciences. Liagkis, ML. 1959. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1959.tb01474.x. In this regard, sociologists Darren E. Sherkat, of Southern Illinois University Carbondale, and Alfred Darnell, a visiting lecturer at Washington University in St. Louis, find that fundamentalist beliefs and conservative Protestant affiliation both have significant and substantial negative influences on educational attainment. Young followers of fundamentalist religious leaders, they add, will likely limit their educational pursuits. They suggest that Christians who regard the Bible as inerrant that is, as the error-free word of God are less likely to enroll in college preparatory classes and have significantly lower educational aspirations than other respondents.55. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials which investigated the effects of religious and spiritual interventions showed positive effects on mental health outcomes such as significant decrease in stress, alcoholism, and depression [25]. Comparative Analysis of Curricula for Religious Education: Examples of Four Catholic Countries; 2007. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cd32/1d76ce93f52735b146d4840673ebf3ea6f68.pdf. Often overlooked, early roots of feminism included religious voices, and there are many women and men who work actively for gender . Martin Luther urged each town to have a girls school so that girls would learn to read the Gospel, evoking a surge of building girls schools in Protestant areas, write economic professors Sascha O. Becker, of the University of Warwick, and Ludger Woessmann, of the University of Munich. Historians and social scientists have written about this relationship and about how the two may influence each other. Religious education can likewise serve as a vehicle to emphasize respect for diversity, by providing a venue for adolescents to understand the differences in religions and world views. It concludes with a look at some leading theories for the stark differences in educational attainment between Christians and Muslims living in sub-Saharan Africa. PDF The Effect of Education on Religion: Evidence from Compulsory Schooling 2007. How Religious Groups Differ in Educational Attainment, 3. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.203. Your US state privacy rights, It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1080/15210960903116563. Under Muslim rule, southern Spain was a center of higher learning, producing such figures as the renowned Muslim philosopher Averroes.32, But other scholars contend that these educational attainments, and the regard that Muslims had for intellectual inquiry in realms outside religion, were gradually attenuated by a complex mix of social and political events over several centuries. These developments signaled a profound transformation of Judaism, according to economic historians Maristella Botticini of Bocconi University and Zvi Eckstein of the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya. Conclusions: Collectivism and individualism in the cultural context are discussed with regards to alexthymic trait and Buddhist/Taoist and Christian/Catholics . Similarly, peers influence adolescent religiosity in the sense that religiosity fosters greater peer attachment; that is, religious adolescents tend to have more friends who foster the same religious belief and they are less likely to engage in delinquent behavior [21]. Apart from their roles in creating educational infrastructure, religious groups were foundational in fostering societal attitudes toward education. Schooling Islam: The Culture and Politics of Modern Muslim Education., For descriptions of the intellectual climate under early Islam, see Sardar, Ziauddin. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558417712013. Assessment. 2013. Park JI, Hong JP, Park S, Cho MJ. Shah SS. However, there is still a need to put emphasis on mental health promotion strategies such as religious education. Although the definitions for both religiosity and spirituality remains a point of debate among researchers, the two concepts are considered as related [23] and include several dimensions such as beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, to name a few [24]. PLoS ONE. J Adolesc Res. Muslim participation is even lower in countries that have mandatory teaching of religion in government primary schools, Manglos-Weber adds. [I]n the face of mounting debts, Cte dIvoire was obliged by the international community to embark on a policy of structural adjustment, and in particular to rein in government spending. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. RT @danielpebrace: As someone home schooled for most of my schooling for purely religious ideological reasons, I don't recommend it for anyone. Identity development throughout the lifetime: an examination of Eriksonian theory; 2009. http://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1030&context=gjcp. Percept Mot Skills. statement and Traditionally, studies have examined religious coping among Christian populations. That is when you start having men and women of different castes composing poems of praise for God, poems that are still recited in temple liturgy today, Narayanan says. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, 7. "Whereas hell exists to make people act good, heaven exists to make people feel good," Shariff said. Chapter In the view of some scholars, the 16th-century Protestant Reformation was a driving force for public education in Europe. Accessed 05 Nov 2018. Accessed 03 Apr 2019. Following World War I and the destruction of the Ottoman Empire, new states emerged, whichwith the exception of Turkey and Iranfell under French or British control. The first, vidya, is everyday knowledge that equips one to earn a decent and dignified life. Still, today, the vast majority of Hindus (98%) live in developing countries mainly India, Nepal and Bangladesh that have struggled to raise educational standards in the face of widespread poverty and expanding populations, which helps explain why Hindus have relatively low educational attainment compared with other major religious groups. Internalization, the process wherein an individual adopts the values or regulations prescribed by a religion as their own [33], can affect mental health [34]. Moore writes of Cameroon: Public schooling is believed by many Muslims to interfere with the social, moral, and spiritual development of their children. 2012;21(3):186. Nowadays, Islamic religious leaders and religious schools still have great influence on education in some Muslim-majority countries, but they compete with government and private schools offering secular topics. 2016. Accessed 09 Oct 2018. See Moore, Leslie C. 2006. Dorff E. The Jewish tradition: religious beliefs and healthcare decisions. Colonial Control, Nigerian Agency, Arab Outreach, and Islamic Education in Northern Nigeria, 1900-1966 in Launay, Robert, ed. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Given the magnitude of this public health problem, it is necessary to employ strategies which can effectively reduce its occurrence. CAME and MFTCL wrote the manuscript in consultation with EA, ERG, CRL, and RRQ. PubMed Central 2016. It theorises religious influences on political activity and tests the impact of various religious factors on political participation in a large cross-national sample (1981-2014). Int Rev Psychiatry. Religious involvement, stress, and mental health: findings from the 1995 Detroit Area Study. 2012. https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2012.9.1.29. . This study is the first of its kind to use nationally representative data to explore the influence of religion on several different dimensions of psychological development and . p. 271284. Accessed 03 Apr 2019. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:joba.0000013660.22413.e0. Religion, stress, and mental health in adolescence: Findings from add health. Religious tolerance, education and the curriculum; 2011. https://www.sensepublishers.com/media/881-religious-tolerance-education-and-the-curriculum.pdf. Aside from negative effects experienced by religious minority, religious education can also negatively impact adolescents who belong to sexual minority groups. Harvey C. A Buddhist perspective on Health and Spirituality; 2013. http://journals.equinoxpub.com/HSCC/article/download/16921/13195. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. Munster: Lit Verlag; 2001. p. 25367. By using this website, you agree to our Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance. For other scholars who argue that the constrictions on intellectual innovation have been exaggerated by historians, see Hourani, Albert. One, she writes, is that parents with low levels of education are less able to help their children attend and succeed in school even if they have similar expectations for the economic returns of schooling as more educated parents. This intergenerational pattern may be stronger in Muslim-majority areas, where many parents have low educational attainment. . The Torah encourages parents to educate their children. Accessed 9 Oct 2018. Visualizing gender differences in religious commitment around the world, Women generally are more religious than men, but not everywhere, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project, Online Religious Services Appeal to Many Americans, but Going in Person Remains More Popular, As AI Spreads, Experts Predict the Best and Worst Changes in Digital Life by 2035, More than half of states now recognize Juneteenth as an official holiday, Inflation, Health Costs, Partisan Cooperation Among the Nations Top Problems, Hefner, Robert W. and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, eds. Schreiner P. Towards a European oriented religious education. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.020. J Midlife Health. Argyle M. Causes and correlates of happiness. The chapter begins with an historical look at ways in which scholars suggest that various religions have influenced education, especially the spread of literacy among laypeople. , For descriptions of this intellectual shift and its consequences, see Sardar, Ziauddin. In their quest to develop their identity, they start searching for lifes meaning and become critical of ideologies being taught in religion. 2012. Impact of religious education and religiosity on adolescent alcohol use and risk-taking behavior. gender, education, self-rated health) and the other religious . Isralowitz R, Reznik A. Although interest in religion among young people has increased markedly, research examining the impact of religion on child development has been sorely lacking. The rst effect is that education increases the net benets of Brit J Relig Educ. Religious education remains a topic for debate because of the inviolable separation of the Church and State in some countries [17]. Relig Educ. Protestant reformers promoted literacy because of their contention that everyone needed to read the Bible, which they viewed as the essential authority on doctrinal matters. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. There is considerable debate among scholars over the degree to which Islam has encouraged or discouraged secular education over the centuries. World Health Organization. Can J Psychiatry. It revived Hebrew as a language of poetry and literature, which reflected the reformers appreciation of their Jewish religious heritage. Bobinac AM. Terms and Conditions, Research by Baylor University sociologist Robert D. Woodberry, for instance, suggests that Protestant missionaries in Africa had a unique role in spreading mass education because of the importance they placed on ordinary peoples ability to read scripture. A systematic review of recent research on adolescent religiosity/spirituality and mental health. 1937. https://doi.org/10.1080/0034408370320407. The negative effect of education on religious belief causes more educated individuals to sort into less fervent religions, which explains the negative relationship between education and religion across denominations. Also see Thurston, Alex. Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Homophobic bullying in Catholic high schools: Five US studies in heterosexism, authority, masculinity, and religion. 1998;1:71024. Issues in mental health nursing; 2006. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Y_Joel_Wong/publication/7354505_A_systematic_review_of_recent_research_on_adolescent_religiosityspirituality_and_mental_health/links/54bd4b680cf27c8f2814b51a.pdf. Early Muslims made innovative intellectual contributions in such fields as mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, medicine and poetry. And what is the role education plays on religion? 2004. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200420042000181929. 2000. Role of Buddhist Education in Ancient India, International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature. "We're studying that and trying to see if the data support it." - by Matt Cooper, UO Office of Strategic Communications, from an article that originally appeared in Cascade, the alumni magazine of the UO College of Arts and Sciences Jaschok M, Chan HM. PDF EDUCATION AND RELIGION - Home | Scholars at Harvard However, he laments, As the economy contracted, the population continued to expand, so that it would have been necessary to continue an aggressive policy of building schools and hiring teachers simply to maintain the quality of universal state education. Economic Development and Religion: Relationship | StudySmarter J Indian Acad Appl Psychol. The judges also noted that Yoder was concerned with the survival of an entire religious community - the Old Order Amish - rather than the impact of education on a single family. PubMed Central Your privacy choices/Manage cookies we use in the preference centre. Srivastava K. Positive mental health and its relationship with resilience. "Religion, Religiosity and Education Attainment of Immigrants to the USA," Review of Economics of the . Buddhism is also extremely empirical in its approach, suggesting that followers try the experiment of dharma (i.e., Buddhas Four Noble Truths) for themselves to see if it improves their inner freedom, Asma notes, adding: Because the philosophy of Buddhism takes this pragmatic approach favoring education and experiment, Buddhism has little to no formal disagreement with science (as evidenced by the Dalai Lamas ongoing collaboration with neuroscientists)., This theoretical openness to scientific knowledge, however, did not always play out at the practical level within Buddhist communities, Asma contends. However, ethnic minorities living as long-term residents in Western countries have begun to receive attention. That research identified positive and negative forms of religious coping as well as evidence that how people experience and express their faith has implications for their well . This change also tightened religious scholars control over the education of Muslims in Africa and the Middle East a hold that was not broken until colonial governments and Christian missionaries introduced Western-style educational institutions.36, Some scholars argue that the decline in secular learning and the narrowing of intellectual inquiry among Muslims have been exaggerated, or did not take place. If this is true, one might expect higher percentages of religiously unaffiliated people in parts of the world with high educational attainment. Reply. We find support for the contention that religion does have statistically significant effects on educational attainment, even when controls are included for a vast array of variables that are often used to explain these associations. Historians Richard L. Gawthrop of Franklin College and the late Gerald Strauss of Indiana University note that in addition to stressing the need for personal Bible reading, the Pietists persuaded German authorities to mandate Bible reading as the chief instrument of religious instruction in primary schools, [which was] a powerful impetus to the spread of mass literacy.38, In more recent times, religion was a prime motivator in establishing U.S. schools run by faith groups including Quakers, Protestants and Catholics that educated generations of immigrant families.39, Historically, however, Christianity and science often have come into conflict with each other, as illustrated by the 17th century clash between astronomer Galileo Galilei and the Roman Catholic Church, as well as the condemnation by prominent religious leaders of Charles Darwins 1859 theory of human evolution. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-004-0769-x. Manea AD. The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. As a result, they established schools to promote literacy wherever they went and translated the Bible into indigenous languages.41, Harvard University economics professor Nathan Nunn, who contends that education was the main reward used by missionaries to lure Africans into the Christian sphere, says that in addition to establishing schools, missionaries may have altered peoples views about the importance of education.42, Woodberry and Nunn conclude, however, that Protestant and Catholic missionaries had differing results.