It spans over 3.3 million square miles (8.5 million sq km). Gold prospectors in New Zealand discovered gold in 1852 around the Coromandel and sparked the famous 1860s west coast gold rush, Otago gold rush, and the Coromandel gold rush. Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. It includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.In this model of the world, Australia is only seen as an island nation contained inside of the continent of Oceania, and not a . Australia is relatively flat with low elevation highlands and an extensive dry interior, while New Zealand has high mountains and receives adequate rainfall. 'Abundant resources': ten offshore wind projects could bring 25GW onto It also has a reputation as an international center of culture, arts, education, tourism, and sports.The city is culturally diverse. The country is the worlds largest producer and exporter of crossbred wool, a rougher-textured material than regular wool. Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean, total: 7,741,220 sq kmland: 7,682,300 sq kmwater: 58,920 sq kmnote: includes Lord Howe Island and Macquarie Island, slightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin, generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north, mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast, highest point: Mount Kosciuszko 2,228 mlowest point: Lake Eyre -15 mmean elevation: 330 m. alumina, coal, iron ore, copper, lithium, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, rare earth elements, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, opals, natural gas, petroleum;note 1: Australia is the world's largest net exporter of coal accounting for 26.5% of global coal exports in 2021; coal is the countrys most abundant energy resource, and coal ranks as the second-largest export commodity from Australia in terms of revenue; in 2020, Australia held the third-largest recoverable coal reserves in the world behind the United States and Russianote 2: Australia is by far the world's largest supplier of opalsnote 3: Australia holds the largest uranium reserves in the world, and was the second-largest global uranium producer behind Kazakhstan in 2020.note 4: Australia was the largest exporter of LNG in the world in 2020. agricultural land: 46.65% (2018 est. Australia is a country and an island located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. New Zealand is a sovereign country found in southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, and it is made up of two main landmasses, the South Island, and the North Island, and more than 600 other smaller islands. New Zealand has numerous natural resources distributed across the country, and they include minerals such as limestone, gold, coal, iron ore, arable land, natural gas, forests, and hydropower among others. New Zealand has huge coal reserves, and in 2014 the country produced 4 million tones of the mineral out of which 44% were destined for the export market. With an area of approximately 7.7 million square kilometers, Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. The city is the main campus of the University of the South Pacific, which has campuses in 12 Pacific Island countries. Oceania (UK: / o s i n i , o i-,- e n-/, US: / o i n i / (), /- n-/) is a geographical region that is described as a continent in some parts of the world. New Zealand has one of the most advanced market economies in the world, and it was ranked 16th highest regarding human development index in 2018, and the third position regarding the index of economic freedom. )$7.658 billion (2019 est.). Different types of minerals can be found in different regions throughout Australia. The Top 10 Natural Resources In Australia! - Australia Unwrapped Where Does Australia Export to? Aboriginal Australians arrived on the continent at least 60,000 years ago and developed complex hunter-gatherer societies and oral histories. China 40%, Japan 14%, South Korea 9%, India 6%, Taiwan 4% (2021), iron ore, coal, natural gas, gold, wheat (2021), $298.712 billion (2021 est.) Whilst the official language in Australia is English, Australians have a unique flair that can sometimes make them difficult to understand. Much like Australia, New Zealand is becoming an important wine producer. )industry: 25.3% (2017 est. Early Colonial Food and Cooking The convict colony of New South Wales, founded in 1788, was at first heavily reliant on imported rations. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 356,900 bbl/day (2018 est. )1.439 (2019 est. Which of these likely occurred a few years after the introduction of this possum to New Zealand? Australias post-war economy boomed and by the 1970s, racial policies that prevented most non-Whites from immigrating to Australia were removed, greatly increasing Asian immigration to the country. Who buys minerals from Australia? ), total subscriptions: 27.09 million (2021 est. Rock lobster, pearls, abalone, and prawns make up $1.3 billion (86 percent) of total seafood exports.New Zealands main seafood exports are mussels, rock lobster, hoki (hake), squid, and salmon. All rights reserved. Fauna of Australia Part of a series on Wildlife of Australia Biodiversity Conservation Organisations Related topics v t e The red kangaroo is the largest extant macropod and is one of Australia's heraldic animals, appearing with the emu on the coat of arms of Australia. Port Moresby sprawls along coastal bays and hillsides and is surrounded by plantations, livestock, and dairy farms. )solar: 8.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. State Resources for Autism | IACC - HHS.gov This is because Papua New Guinea is an extremely rural country, with many people living in isolated communities that have access to fertile lands but not centralized markets.The Pacific Islands lie in a warm equatorial band between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It also produces 80,000 tons of waste rocks and 120,000 tons of toxic runoff that flows into the Ok Tedi River system. ), production: 504.051 million metric tons (2020 est. Autism Resources. The country is also the second-largest producer of gold, lead, zinc, alumina, lithium, and manganese ore, and is the third-largest producer of uranium. Papua New Guinea also has a diverse range of small-scale and subsistence fisheries that support rural communities.The Pacific Islands support subsistence fisheries that are the livelihoods of many local peoples. ), conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australiaconventional short form: Australiaetymology: the name Australia derives from the Latin "australis" meaning "southern"; the Australian landmass was long referred to as "Terra Australis" or the Southern Land, federal parliamentary democracyunder a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm, name: Canberrageographic coordinates: 35 16 S, 149 08 Etime difference: UTC+10 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends first Sunday in Apriltime zone note: Australia has four time zones, including Lord Howe Island (UTC+10:30)etymology: the name is claimed to derive from either Kambera or Camberry, which are names corrupted from the original native designation for the area "Nganbra" or "Nganbira", 6 states and 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island, 1 January 1901 (from the federation of UK colonies), Australia Day (commemorates the arrival of the First Fleet of Australian settlers), 26 January (1788); ANZAC Day (commemorates the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915), history: approved in a series of referenda from 1898 through 1900 and became law 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires approval of a referendum bill by absolute majority vote in both houses of Parliament, approval in a referendum by a majority of voters in at least four states and in the territories, and Royal Assent; proposals that would reduce a states representation in either house or change a states boundaries require that states approval prior to Royal Assent; amended several times, last in 1977, common law system based on the English model, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen or permanent resident of Australiadual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 4 years, 18 years of age; universal and compulsory, chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)head of government: Prime Minister Anthony ALBANESE (since 23 May 2022)cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and sworn in by the governor generalelections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general, description: bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:Senate (76 seats; 12 members from each of the 6 states and 2 each from the 2 mainland territories; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of state membership renewed every 3 years and territory membership renewed every 3 years)House of Representatives (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority preferential vote; members serve terms of up to 3 years)elections: Senate - last held on 21 May 2022 (next to be held on May 2025)House of Representatives - last held on 21 May 2022 (next to be held on May 2025)election results: Senate (initial results) - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 32.13%, ALP 29.81%, The Greens 13.85%, One Nation 4.38%, Lambie Network .26%; seats by party - Liberal/National coalition 29, ALP 21, The Greens 9, One Nation 1, Lambie Network 1, undecided 14House of Representatives (initial results) - percent of vote by party - ALP 32.83%, Liberal/National coalition 35.77%, The Greens 11.85%, Katter's Australian Party 0.4%, Centre Alliance 0.24%, independents 5.52%; seats by party - ALP 76, Liberal/National Coalition 57, The Greens 4, Katter's Australian Party 1, Centre Alliance 1, independent 10, undecided 2, highest court(s): High Court of Australia (consists of 7 justices, including the chief justice); note - each of the 6 states, 2 territories, and Norfolk Island has a Supreme Court; the High Court is the final appellate court beyond the state and territory supreme courtsjudge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the governor-general in council for life with mandatory retirement at age 70subordinate courts: subordinate courts: at the federal level: Federal Court; Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia; at the state and territory level: Local Court - New South Wales; Magistrates' Courts Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory; District Courts New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia; County Court Victoria; Family Court Western Australia; Court of Petty Sessions Norfolk Island, Australian Greens Party or The Greens [Adam BANDT]Australian Labor Party or ALP [Anthony ALBANESE]Liberal Party of Australia [Peter DUTTON]The Nationals [David LITTLEPROUD]Pauline Hansons One Nation or PHON or ONP [Pauline HANSON], ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), Quad, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC, chief of mission: Ambassador Kevin Michael RUDD (since 19 April 2023)chancery: temporary location: 1145 17th St NW, Washington DC, 20036-4707note - new chancery building under construction at 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036; formal opening scheduled for late 2023telephone: [1] (202) 797-3000FAX: [1] (202) 797-3168email address and website: https://usa.embassy.gov.au/consulate(s) general: Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, chief of mission: Ambassador Caroline KENNEDY (since 25 July 2022)embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Australian Capital Territory 2600mailing address: 7800 Canberra Place, Washington DC 20512-7800telephone: [61] (02) 6214-5600FAX: [61] (02) 9373-9184email address and website: AskEmbassyCanberra@state.govhttps://au.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Melbourne, Perth, Sydney, blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant known as the Commonwealth or Federation Star, representing the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star depicts one point for each of the six original states and one representing all of Australia's internal and external territories; on the fly half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small, five-pointed star and four larger, seven-pointed stars, Commonwealth Star (seven-pointed Star of Federation), golden wattle tree (Acacia pycnantha), kangaroo, emu; national colors: green, gold, name: Advance Australia Fairlyrics/music: Peter Dodds McCORMICKnote 1: adopted 1984; although originally written in the late 19th century, the anthem was not used for all official occasions until 1984; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)note 2: the well-known and much-loved bush ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is often referred to as Australia's unofficial national anthem; the original lyrics were written in 1895 by Australian poet Banjo PATERSON, and were first published as sheet music in 1903; since 2012, a Waltzing Matilda Day has been held annually on 6 April, the anniversary of the first performance of the song in 1895, total World Heritage Sites: 20 (4 cultural, 12 natural, 4 mixed); note - includes one site on Heard Island and McDonald Islandsselected World Heritage Site locales: Great Barrier Reef (n); Greater Blue Mountains Area (n); Fraser Island (n); Gondwana Rainforests (n); Lord Howe Island Group (n); Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens (c); Shark Bay (n); Sydney Opera House (c); Uluu-Kata Tjua National Park (m); Kakadu National Park (m), Asian and global economic leader and partner for 3 decades; strong financial sector and highly traded domestic currency support best credit ratings; aging workforce; export-led model; reduced consumer spending offset by government and business; energy investor, $1.279 trillion (2021 est.